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Vagrantfile

A Vagrantfile is Ruby code that describes the VMs of a project. Settings are layered: the outer config applies to all VMs, and each config.vm.define block adds the settings of one VM.

flowchart TB
  config["Vagrant.configure('2')<br/>shared: box, provider, provisioning"]
  config --> node1["define 'node1'<br/>hostname, IP"]
  config --> node2["define 'node2'<br/>hostname, IP"]

Example

Section titled “Example”

Two VMs on a private network, working with libvirt, VirtualBox and Hyper-V:

Vagrantfile
NODES = [
  { name: "node1", ip: "10.0.0.11", cpus: 2, memory: 1024 },
  { name: "node2", ip: "10.0.0.12", cpus: 2, memory: 1024 },
]


Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "fedora/38-cloud-base"


  # Only the block of the provider in use is applied.
  config.vm.provider "libvirt" do |lv|
    lv.qemu_use_session = false
    lv.management_network_device = "virbr0"
  end
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    vb.linked_clone = true
  end
  config.vm.provider "hyperv" do |hv|
    hv.linked_clone = true
  end


  config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
    dnf install -y httpd
    systemctl enable --now httpd
  SHELL


  NODES.each do |node|
    config.vm.define node[:name] do |vm|
      vm.vm.hostname = node[:name]
      vm.vm.network :private_network, ip: node[:ip]


      vm.vm.provider "libvirt" do |lv|
        lv.cpus = node[:cpus]
        lv.memory = node[:memory]
      end
      vm.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
        vb.cpus = node[:cpus]
        vb.memory = node[:memory]
      end
      vm.vm.provider "hyperv" do |hv|
        hv.cpus = node[:cpus]
        hv.memory = node[:memory]
      end
    end
  end
end

Adding a VM only needs a new line in NODES.